i was randomly searching through my stuff and i found my prefects tie pin!
hoho.lol
maybe for the next sec sch gathering we should all wear out old sch uniform, prefects with the tie and tie pin.:D

oh yes, if you were wondering about that red thing behind the tie pie, yes the alt button came off.LOL

:D

ANWAYY..
tmr is molecular genetics paper!
zomg


after looking through the past year papers.


only one word





SHIT





lol.love wikipedia.


much better then my fucking notes which are of not much use other then the diagrams :D





what is penetrance??!?!





Penetrance is a term used in genetics describing the proportion of individuals carrying a particular variation of a gene (an allele or genotype) that also express an associated trait (the phenotype). For example, known mutations in the gene responsible for Huntington disease have 95% penetrance, because 5% of those with the dominant allele for Huntington disease don't develop the disease and 95% do. Penetrance only considers whether individuals express the trait or not — for variation in the degree of expression of a given trait, see expressivity.
If an allele is highly penetrant, the trait it produces will always or almost always be apparent in an individual carrying the allele. Penetrance is said to be reduced or incomplete when some individuals fail to express the trait, even though they carry the allele. An allele with low penetrance will only sometimes produce the symptom or trait with which it has been associated at a detectable level. In the case of low penetrance it is difficult to distinguish environmental from genetic factors.
Common examples used to show degrees of penetrance are often highly penetrant. There are several reasons for this:
Highly penetrant alleles, and highly heritable symptoms, are easier to demonstrate – if the allele is present, the phenotype is expressed (recessivity, dominance, and co-dominance are fairly simple additions to this principle);
Alleles which are highly penetrant are more easily noticed by geneticists, and alleles for symptoms which are highly heritable are more easily inferred to exist, and then more easily tracked down.





that explained it much better then my stupid notes.grrr



ok back to my study!:D